Structure

Structure is a collection of logically related data items of different data types grouped together and known by a single name.

Structure is similar to records in DBMS.

As record consists of fields, the data items of a structure are called as its members.

Syntax:

            struct structure_name

            {

                        datatype-1 variable-1;

                        datatype-2 variable-2;

                                    .

                                    .

                        datatype-n variable-n;

            };

Here, struct is a keyword which is used to define a structure template.

struct name is a name of the structure. It is user defined name.

The members of the structure are4 written in curly { } braces.

The structure is terminated by semicolon (;).

Example:

            struct student

            {

                        int rollno;

                        char name[50];

                        char branch[20];

                        float per;

            }

Accessing the structure members:

We can access the individual members of a structure using the dot (.) operator.

The dot (.) operator is called as structure member operator because it connects the structure variable and its member’s variable.

Syntax:

            struct_variable.struct_member;

Where, struct_var is a variable of structure type, while struct_member is a name of a member variable of structure.

Example:

            struct student s1;

            s1.rollno = 1;

           

Structure Example:

A C Program to input and print following details of student using structure. (roll number, name, address, city, age, per)

#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

struct student

{

            int rn;

            char name[20];

            char address[50];

            char city[30];

            int age;

            float per;

}

void main()

{

            struct student s;

            clrscr();

           

            printf(“Enter the roll number:”);

            scanf(“%d”,&s.rn);

            printf(“\n Enter the name:”);

            gets(s.name);

            printf(“\n Enter the address:”);

            gets(s.address);

            printf(“\n Enter the city”);

            gets(s.city);

printf(“\n Enter the age:”);

            scanf(“%d”,&s.age);

printf(“\n Enter the percentage:”);

            scanf(“%f”, &s.per);

            printf(“\n Roll-Number\t Name\t Address\t City\t Age\t Percentage”);

            printf(“\n %d\t %s \t %s \t %s \t %d \t %f”);

            getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the roll number: 28

Enter the name: John

Enter the address: Church Road

Enter the city: Miami

Enter the age: 24

Enter the percentage: 88.00

Roll-Number               Name               Address           City                 Age Percentage

28                                John                 Church Road   Miami 24        88.00